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NGC 281 – Pacman Nebula

NGC 281 is nicknamed the Pacman Nebula because of the thick silhouettes of dark molecular clouds that carve its shape and evoke the familiar open mouth of the video game character. This ionized hydrogen region (HII region) spans several tens of light-years and lies about 9,500 light-years from Earth, along the galactic plane in the constellation Cassiopeia. At its core it hosts a very young open cluster called IC 1590, whose most massive star, HD 5005, emits intense ultraviolet radiation that excites and illuminates the surrounding gas. Dense Bok globules also stand out within the nebula; these interstellar dust condensations resist erosion by stellar winds and act as true incubators for new stars.

General information

Constellation
Cassiopeia
Category
Nebulae
Date
11 July 2021

Capture

Total time
1h 45min
Subframes
300s (light frames: 21x) ISO 1250
Gain / Offset
0 / 0
Calibration
15 dark frames, 50 flat frames, 50 dark-flat frames and 50 bias frames

Equipment

Telescope
TS102 f/5.6
Camera
modified Nikon D90
Filters
Optolong L-eNhance (Ha+OIII/Hb)
Mount
HEQ-5 Pro belt drive
Guiding
PHD2, Guide scope 60mm/f4 + ASI224MC

Processing and environment

Processing
Stacked and post-processed with PixInsight 1.8
Acquisition
NINA
Location
l'Ampolla
Sky
Bortle 4

Additional versions

Annotated imageAnnotated field version identifying NGC 281 and helping to locate the main elements of the complex.